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Sensitivity towards Nitrate: Comparison of Groundwater versus Surface Water Crustaceans

Vorschau

Groundwater pollution with Nitrate represents a rising environmental problem, which might even be intensified by cli-mate change. In this study, the acute (24 h) and chronic (5 weeks) toxicity of Nitrate has been investigated using ground-water crustaceans (Niphargopsis casparyi, Pratz 1866 and Proasellus slavus, Remy 1948) and surface water amphipods (Gammarus fossarum, Koch 1835) as comparison. Already at the German drinking water law threshold value of 50 mg/l Nitrate N. casparyi responded within 24 h with a decrease in locomotor activity and at 100 mg/l Nitrate, 37.5% of the ani-mals died within 24 h of exposure. G. fossarum showed drastic behavioral effects only at 100 mg/l Nitrate, but did survive the 24 h exposure. Chronic exposure to Nitrate revealed significant differences in behavior for G. fossarum especially in their ventilation activity at 50 and 100 mg/l Nitrate and lower feeding activity at 100 mg/l Nitrate. N. casparyi showed lower ventilation rates at 100 mg/l Nitrate. Mortality of both groundwater species was lower than that of G. fossarum, however this might partly be due to problems in aeration and potential cannibalism in G. fossarum in the chronic labo-ratory exposures, esp. at 18 °C.In conclusion, in acute tests N. casparyi was the most sensitive to Nitrate. For chronic exposures of 5 weeks G. fossarumshowed severe effects at 50 and 100 mg/l and N. casparyi at 100 mg/l, however, more chronic direct comparative toxicity studies and even longer exposures are needed to finally determine which species is the most sensitive towards Nitrate.

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Verweis: https://www.limco-int.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/jsws-4-012.pdf

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